Study of defluidization of iron- and manganese-based oxygen carriers under highly reducing conditions in a lab-scale fluidized-bed batch reactor

Oxygen carriers play an important role in chemical looping processes to transport oxygen for fuel conversion. In this study, the defluidization phenomena of were examined under highly reducing conditions a fluidized-bed batch reactor. This is relevant chemical-looping gasification, where could be reduced significant extent compared that combustion. Only few studies have reported physical fluidized bed system conditions. Three iron- and two manganese-based investigated at 900 °C several degrees reduction study. Some been exposed hours operation 300 W reactor unit also included study provide comparison fresh-calcined materials. Defluidization particle beds occurred with iron-based carriers, except LD slag, which has low content iron. The was caused by formation elemental iron on carriers' surface high degree reduction. All defluidizations mass-based conversion (∆ω) between 3.2–5.0%. materials found less prone defluidization.